Japan's Science and Technology Basic Policy Report
December 27, 2005
Council for Science and Technology Policy
JAPAN
Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1 Basic Concepts
- Circumstances relating to Science and Technology
(1) Progress in Science and Technology measures
(i) Total amount of governmental R&D expenditure
(ii) Strategic priority setting in Science and Technology
(iii) Development of a competitive R&D environment and other R&D system reforms
(iv) Industry-university-government collaboration and other Science and Technology system reforms
(2) Results of Science and Technology policies
(3) Environmental changes relating to Science and Technology both at home and abroad and the roles of Science and Technology
- Basic stances in the third basic plan
(1) Science and Technology to be supported by public and to benefit society
(2) Emphasize fostering human resources and competitive research environments EShift of emphasis from “hardEto “softEsuch as human resources; greater significance of individuals in institutions
- Concepts and goals of Science and Technology policies
(1) Concepts and policy goals of the third basic plan
(2) Science and Technology's contribution to the world, society, and public
- Governmental R&D expenditure
Chapter 2 Strategic Priority Setting in Science and Technology
- Promotion of basic research
- Priority setting in R&D for policy-oriented subjects
(1) “Four primary priority areasEand “four secondary priority areasEbr>
(2) Formulation of Promotion Strategies for Prioritized Areas
(3) Selection of “Strategically focused Science and TechnologyEbr>
- Matters to be considered in the formulation and implementation of Promotion Strategies for Prioritized Areas
(1) Emerging and interdisciplinary fields
(2) Clarify the relationship with policy goals and establish R&D goals
(3) Interdisciplinary matters to be considered relating to “strategically focused Science and TechnologyEbr>
(i) Science and Technology to resolve social issues immediately
(ii) Science and Technology selected to win in international competition
(iii) Science and Technology selected as a national mission-oriented technology
(4) Effective implementation of Promotion Strategies for Prioritized Areas - Realization of “practical strategiesE
Chapter 3 Reforming the Science and Technology System
- Developing, securing and promoting the activities of human resources
(1) Creating an environment where individual human resources thrive
(i) Ensuring fair and highly transparent personnel systems
(ii) Supporting the independence of young researchers
(iii) Improving the mobility of human resources
(iv) Suppressing the rate of former students from same schools
(v) Promoting the activities of female researchers
(vi) Promoting the Activities of Foreign Researchers
(vii) Utilizing the abilities of talented senior researchers
(2) Enhancing the human resource development function in universities
(i) Human resource development in universities
(ii) Drastic enhancement of graduate education
(iii) Formulating the activity plan on the reform of graduate school education
(iv) Improving financial aid for doctorate course students
(3) Developing human resources that meet the needs of society
(i) Human resource development by industry-university partnership
(ii) Promoting the activities of doctorals in the industrial world
(iii) Development of diverse human resources utilizing and returning knowledge to society
(4) Expanding the horizons of human resources that will be the leaders of future Science and Technology
(i) Developing children with exuberant intellectual curiosity
(ii) Developing the individuality and abilities of gifted children
- Creating scientific development and persistent innovation
(1) Developing a competitive environment
(i) Increasing competitive funds and indirect costs
(ii) Developing a competitive environment in organizations
(iii) Promoting the systemic reforms on competitive funds
(2) Enhancing the competitive edge of universities
(i) Creating universities that lead the world's S&T
(ii) Revitalizing universities that utilize uniqueness and characteristics
(3) Enhancing systems for creating innovation
(i) Maintaining the various research fund systems according to the development stage of R&D
(ii) Building a sustainable and progressive industry-university-government collaboration system
(iii) Promoting the utilization of new technologies in the public sector
(iv) Promoting the entrepreneurial activities of R&D ventures
(v) Promoting R&D by private enterprises
(4) Building regional innovation systems and creating vital regions
(i) Forming regional clusters
(ii) Developing smooth S&T policies in regions
(5) Effective and efficient promotion of R&D
(i) Effective utilization of research funds
(ii) Emphasizing the development and utilization of human resources in research funds
(iii) Reforming the evaluation system
(6) Resolving the institutional and operational bottleneck for smooth Science and Technology activities and passing on of results
- Reinforcing the foundation for promoting Science and Technology
(1) Intentional and selective improvements of facilities
(i) Improvements of facilities such as national universities and public research institutions
(ii) Development of facilities of national universities and public research institutions
(iii) Developing the facilities of public universities
(iv) Developing the facilities of private universities
(v) Promoting the development and shared use of advanced large-scale public research facilities
(2) Improving the intellectual infrastructure
(i) Strategic and selective development of intellectual infrastructure
(ii) Building a framework for promoting efficient development and use
(3) Creating, protecting and utilizing intellectual property
(4) Actively responding to standardization
(5) Improving the research information infrastructure
(6) Promoting the activities of academic societies
(7) Promoting R&D in public research institutions
- Strategically promoting international activities
(1) Systematic efforts of international activities
(2) Cooperating with Asian nations
(3) Promoting general development for reinforcing international activities, and acceptance of talented foreign researchers
Chapter 4 Science and Technology to Be Supported by Society and the Public
- Responsible measures to resolve ethical, legal, or social problems caused by Science and Technology
- Accountability relating to Science and Technology and the improvement of information transmission
- Improving the public awareness of Science and Technology
- Promoting proactive participation of the public in Science and Technology
Chapter 5 Role of the Council for Science and Technology Policy
- Basic operation
- Specific measures
(1) Effective, efficient promotion of governmental R&D
(2) Promotion of Science and Technology system reforms
(3) Science and Technology to be supported by the public and to benefit society
(4) Strategic promotion of international activities
(5) Removal of structural or operational obstacles for smooth Science and Technology activities and the return of the results to society
(6) Appropriate follow-up of the Science and Technology basic plan and the promotion of the progress
|
Japan's Science and Technology Basic Policy Report
