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Part 2 Outline of Survey Results III Job

III Job

1. Job

(1) Work situation
Q18 I would now like to ask you about your work. Which one of the following statements best describes your work situation? Please select only one answer.
  1. I have a full-time job
  2. I have a part-time job
  3. I am a student and have a full-time job, a part-time job, or a side job
  4. I am a student but do not have a full-time job, a part-time job, or a side job (Go to Q23)
  5. I am currently unemployed (Go to Q23)
  6. I do not work for pay (homemaker, etc.) (Go to Q23)
  7. Don't know/no answer (Go to Q23)
Note: The wording and options were changed in this survey. (See List of Changes in Questionnaire)

In Japan, 32.2% of respondents said that they were employed full-time, 10.8% said that they were employed part-time, and 20.4% were students with full- or part-time jobs, giving an overall employment rate of 63.5%. On the other hand, the unemployment rate was 36.1%, with a combination of 27.4% of students with no jobs, 6.2% of those who did not work for pay, and 2.5% of those who were currently unemployed.
In comparison with other countries, the employment rate was the highest in the U.S. at 74.5%, followed in descending order by Japan, Sweden, Germany and Korea. (Table 3-1)

Table 3-1 Work Situation (Country Comparison)
Table 3-1 Work Situation (Country Comparison)

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(2) Job category
(To those who work, answer 1,2 or 3 in Q18)
Q19 What kind of work do you do? Please select only one from the following.
  1. Professional: i.e., researcher, engineer, teacher, doctor, pharmacist, nurse, childcare worker, lawyer, CPA, tax accountant, religious worker, reporter, author, artist, actor, athlete, teacher of a private tutoring school, private tutor, instructor, etc.
  2. Managerial: president, supervisor, officer, director, large company owner, etc.
  3. Self-employed: owner of small establishment such as retail shop, wholesale shop, and restaurant, owner of a small factory, etc.
  4. Clerical: general clerical worker, secretary, typist, bookkeeper, money collector, etc.
  5. Sales person: sales clerk and salesman, etc. at a retail shop (including department store, supermarket) or wholesaler, etc
  6. Security: member of the armed forces, police officer, fire-fighter, security guard, etc.
  7. Occupation related to agriculture, forestry and fishery: self-employed or laborer in agriculture, forestry, or fishery, farm manager, etc.
    (including family workers)
  8. Skilled worker: occupations that require licensing and/or many years of experience such as craftsman, carpenter, electrician, painter, cutter, driver, etc.
  9. Unskilled labor and simple laborer: factory worker, etc., which is not included in 8, and which does not require special qualification and many years of experience
  10. Service worker: employee at a barber shop or beauty salon, etc., flight attendant, etc.
  11. Laborer (other than in agriculture, forestry, fishery or mining industry): gatekeeper, garage attendant, street sweeper, warehouse worker, gardener, etc.
  12. Other (            )
  13. Don't know/no answer
Note: The respondents/options/examples were changed in this survey. (See List of Changes in Questionnaire)

The percentage of 'service worker' was highest in Japan at 26.4%. It was then followed in descending order by 'sales person' (20.1%), 'clerical' (15.9%), 'professional' (14.8%), 'unskilled labor' (10.4%), and 'skilled labor' (7.6%).
In comparison with other countries, in Korea as in Japan, the percentage of 'service worker' was highest, but in the U.S., it was 'sales person,' while it was 'unskilled labor' in Sweden, and 'clerical' in Germany. (Table 3-2)

Table 3-2 Job Category (Country Comparison)
Table 3-2 Job Category (Country Comparison)
Table 3-2 Job Category (Reference)
(Country Comparison, excluding students with part-time jobs)
Table 3-2 Job Category (Reference) (Country Comparison, excluding students with part-time jobs)

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(3) How did you find your current job?
(To those who are employed (answers 1, 2, or 3 in Q18))
Q20 How did you find your current job? Please select all applicable answers. (multiple answers)
  1. Saw an ad in a newspaper, magazine, or on a posted flyer
  2. Inquired directly at the workplace
  3. Through a school/university
  4. Through a family member or relative
  5. Through a friend or acquaintance
  6. Through an employment agency
  7. Followed into the family business
  8. Other(            )
  9. Don't know/no answer
Note: The target respondents were changed in this survey. (See the List of Change in Questionnaire)

In Japan, the most frequently cited item in this question was 'an ad in a newspaper, magazine, or on a posted flyer' at 31.3%, followed in descending order by 'through a friend or acquaintance' (22.1%) and 'through a school/university' (20.8%).
In comparison with other countries, 'an ad in a newspaper, magazine, or on a posted flyer' was ranked first in Germany as in the case of Japan. 'Through a friend or acquaintance' was top of the list in Korea and the U.S., and in Sweden, it was 'direct inquiry at the workplace.' 'Direct inquiry at the workplace' was among the top of the list in the U.S., Sweden and Germany. 'Through a family member or relative' was ranked high in Korea, the U.S., and Sweden. (Table 3-3)

Table 3-3 How Did You Find Your Current Job? (Country Comparison)
Table 3-3 How Did You Find Your Current Job? (Country Comparison)
Table 3-3 How Did You Find Your Current Job? (Reference)
(Country Comparison, excluding students with part-time jobs)
Table 3-3 How Did You Find Your Current Job? (Reference) (Country Comparison, excluding students with part-time jobs)

Click HERE to Part3 Reference Data

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